<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">evrazkar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Евразийский Кардиологический Журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Eurasian heart journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-1685</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-0748</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Евразийская ассоциация кардиологов</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38109/2225-1685-2025-3-102-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">evrazkar-6542</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменение электрической оси сердца на вдохе как дополнительный признак наличия легочной гипертензии у больных с аортальным стенозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Change in the electrical axis of the heart during inspiration as an additional sign of the presence of pulmonary hypertension in patients with aortic stenosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-7184</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахнова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakhnova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахнова Тамара Анатольевна, к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник Лаборатории ЭКГ, НИИ клинической кардиологии им. А.Л. Мясникова  </p><p> ул. Академика Чазова, дом 15а, г. Москва 121552 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara A. Sakhnova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, ECG Laboratory, A.L. Myasnikov Scientific Research Institute of Clinical Cardiology </p><p>15a Akademika Chazovа St., Moscow 121552 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tamara-sahnova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8725-7084</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Блинова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Blinova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Блинова Елена Валентиновна, к.м.н., научный сотрудник Лаборатории ЭКГ, НИИ клинической кардиологии им. А.Л. Мясникова  </p><p>Ул. Академика Чазова, дом 15а, Г. Москва 121552 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Blinova, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Researcher, ECG Laboratory, A.L. Myasnikov Scientific Research Institute of Clinical Cardiology </p><p>15a Akademika Chazovа St., Moscow 121552 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-7472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комлев</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komlev</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Комлев Алексей Евгеньевич, врач-кардиолог Лаборатории гибридных методов лечения сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, НИИ клинической кардиологии им. А.Л. Мясникова </p><p>Ул. Академика Чазова, дом 15а, Г. Москва 121552 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey E. Komlev, cardiologist, Laboratory of hybrid methods of treatment of cardiovascular diseases, A.L. Myasnikov Scientific Research Institute of Clinical Cardiology </p><p>15a Akademika Chazovа St., Moscow 121552 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3233-1862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саидова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saidova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саидова Марина Абдулатиповна, д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник Отдела ультразвуковых методов исследования, НИИ клинической кардиологии им. А.Л. Мясникова </p><p>Ул. Академика Чазова, дом 15а, Г. Москва 121552 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Saidova, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Chief Researcher, Department of Ultrasound Research Methods, A.L. Myasnikov Scientific Research Institute of Clinical Cardiology </p><p>15a Akademika Chazovа St., Moscow 121552 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9022-8097</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынюк</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynyuk</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мартынюк Тамила Витальевна, д.м.н., руководитель Отдела легочной гипертензии и заболеваний сердца, НИИ клинической кардиологии им. А.Л. Мясникова </p><p>Ул. Академика Чазова, дом 15а, Г. Москва 121552 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamila V. Martynyuk, Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of pulmonary hypertension and heart diseases, A.L. Myasnikov Scientific Research Institute of Clinical Cardiology; professor, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Continuing Professional Education </p><p>15a Akademika Chazovа St., Moscow 121552 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5736-5698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаев</surname><given-names>Т. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaev</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Имаев Тимур Эмвярович, д.м.н., руководитель Лаборатории гибридных методов лечения сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, НИИ клинической кардиологии им. А.Л. Мясникова </p><p>Ул. Академика Чазова, дом 15а, Г. Москва 121552 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Timur E. Imaev, Dr. of Sc. (Med.), Head of Department, Laboratory of hybrid methods of treatment of cardiovascular diseases, A.L. Myasnikov Scientific Research Institute of Cardiology;  Professor, Department of Cardiology </p><p>15a Akademika Chazovа St., Moscow 121552 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7374-3604</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дроздов</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drozdov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дроздов Дмитрий Владимирович, к.м.н., руководитель Лаборатории ЭКГ, НИИ клинической кардиологии им. А.Л. Мясникова </p><p>Ул. Академика Чазова, дом 15а, Г. Москва 121552 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Drozdov, Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Head of ECG Laboratory, A.L. Myasnikov Scientific Research Institute of Clinical Cardiology </p><p>15a Akademika Chazovа St., Moscow 121552 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>E.I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of cardiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>E.I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of cardiology; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>E.I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of cardiology; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии имени академика Е.И. Чазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>E.I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of cardiology; E.I. Chazov National Medical Research Center of cardiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сахнова Т.А., Блинова Е.В., Комлев А.Е., Саидова М.А., Мартынюк Т.В., Имаев Т.Э., Дроздов Д.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сахнова Т.А., Блинова Е.В., Комлев А.Е., Саидова М.А., Мартынюк Т.В., Имаев Т.Э., Дроздов Д.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sakhnova T.A., Blinova E.V., Komlev A.E., Saidova M.A., Martynyuk T.V., Imaev T.E., Drozdov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/6542">https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/6542</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – оценить возможность использования электрокардиограммы на вдохе для выявления легочной гипертензии (ЛГ) у больных с тяжелым аортальным стенозом (АС).</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 166 больных с тяжелым АС в возрасте 73±8 лет. Систолическое давление в легочной артерии (СДЛА) определялось при эхокардиографии. Положение электрической оси сердца (ЭОС) оценивалось при спокойном дыхании (ЭОСп) и на высоте глубокого вдоха (ЭОСвд).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У 93 (56%) пациентов СДЛА было &lt;35 мм рт. ст., у 45 (27%) от 35 до 44 мм рт. ст. и у 28 (17%) пациентов ≥45 мм рт. ст. В группах с СДЛА &lt;45 мм рт. ст. на вдохе происходило смещение ЭОС вправо от исходной (p&lt;0,0001), а при СДЛА≥45 мм рт. ст. эти изменения не достигали статистической значимости (р=0,05). При ROC анализе разделять группы больных с СДЛА &lt;35 мм рт. ст. и ≥35 мм рт. ст. позволяли ЭОСп, ЭОСвд и разница между ними. Оптимальными пороговыми значениями были ЭОСп ≤−19° (чувствительность 34%, специфичность 85%), ЭОСвд ≤16° (чувствительность 49%, специфичность 76%) и разница ЭОСвд-ЭОСп &lt;18° (чувствительность 70%, специфичность 66%). Разделять группы больных с СДЛА &lt;45 мм рт. ст. и ≥45 мм рт. ст. позволяла только разница между ЭОСп и ЭОСвд с оптимальным пороговым значением &lt;16° (чувствительность 79%, специфичность 60%).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. У больных с тяжелым АС на вдохе происходит смещение ЭОС вправо от исходной, наиболее выраженное у пациентов без ЛГ. Меньшая выраженность смещения ЭОС на вдохе вправо от исходной позволяла с чувствительностью 70-79% и специфичностью 60-66% выделять больных с СДЛА как ≥35 мм рт. ст., так и ≥45 мм рт. ст.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using an inspiratory electrocardiogram to detect pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Materials and methods. The study included 166 patients with severe AS aged 73±8 years. Pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was determined by echocardiography. The position of the heart electrical axis (HEA) was assessed during quiet breathing (HEAq) and deep inspiration (HEAin). Results. In 93 (56%) patients, PASP was &lt;35 mmHg, in 45 (27%) from 35 to 44 mmHg, and in 28 (17%) patients ≥45 mmHg. In groups with PASP&lt;45 mmHg, on inspiration, there was a shift in the HEA to the right of the initial value (p&lt;0.0001), and at PASP ≥45 mm Hg, these changes did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.05). In the ROC analysis, the HEAq, HEAin, and the difference between them made it possible to separate the groups of patients with PASP&lt;35 mm Hg and ≥35 mm Hg. The optimal threshold values were HEAq ≤-19° (sensitivity 34%, specificity 85%), HEAin ≤16° (sensitivity 49%, specificity 76%), and the difference between HEAin and HEAq &lt;18° (sensitivity 70%, specificity 66%). Only the difference between the HEAq and HEAin with an optimal threshold value of &lt;16° (sensitivity 79%, specificity 60%) allowed us to separate the groups of patients with PASP&lt;45 mm Hg and ≥45 mm Hg. Conclusions. In patients with severe AS, there is a shift of the HEA to the right from the initial value during inhalation, which is most pronounced in patients without PH. A lesser degree of shift of the HEA to the right from the initial value during inhalation allowed us to distinguish both the patients with PASP ≥35 mmHg and ≥45 mmHg with a sensitivity of 70-79% and a specificity of 60-66%.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электрокардиограмма</kwd><kwd>вдох</kwd><kwd>легочная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>аортальный стеноз</kwd><kwd>эхокардиография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electrocardiogram</kwd><kwd>inspiration</kwd><kwd>pulmonary hypertension</kwd><kwd>aortic stenosis</kwd><kwd>echocardiography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boxhammer E., Berezin A.E., Paar V., еt аl. Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Systematic Review of Non-Invasive Ways of Risk Stratification, especially in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Pers Med. 2022;12(4):603. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12040603</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boxhammer E., Berezin A.E., Paar V., еt аl. Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Systematic Review of Non-Invasive Ways of Risk Stratification, especially in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Pers Med. 2022;12(4):603. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12040603</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Миролюбова О.А., Семенова И.А., Антонов А.Б., и соавт. Особенности клапанного аортального стеноза в городской популяции 35-69 лет: распространенность, данные эхокардиографии, фибрилляция предсердий, биомаркеры, липопротеин(а). Международный журнал сердца и сосудистых заболеваний. 2023;11(39):5-16. https://doi.org/10.24412/2311-1623-2023-39- 5-16</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mirolyubova O.A., Semenova I.A., Antonov A.B., еt аl. Characteristics of aortic valve stenosis in urban population aged 35-69 years: prevalence, echocardiographic data, atrial fibrillation, biomarkers, lipoprotein(a). International Journal of Heart and Vascular Diseases. 2023;11(39):5-16 (in Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24412/2311-1623-2023-39-5-16</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хубулава Г.Г., Гуляев Н.И., Кравчук В.Н., и соавт. Место дегенеративного стеноза клапана аорты в структуре приобретенных пороков сердца. Грудная и сердечно-сосудистая хирургия. 2018;60(1):28-35. https://doi.org/10.24022/0236-2791-2018-60-1-28-35</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khubulava G.G., Gulyaev N.I., Kravchuk V.N., еt аl. Incidence of degenerative aortic stenosis in the patterns of valvular heart disease. Grudnaya i Serdechno-Sosudistaya Khirurgiya (Russian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery). 2018;60(1):28-35 (in Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24022/0236-2791-2018-60-1-28-35</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдеев С.Н., Барбараш О.Л., Валиева З.С., и соавт. Легочная гипертензия, в том числе хроническая тромбоэмболическая легочная гипертензия. Клинические рекомендации 2024. Российский кардиологический журнал. 2024;29(11):6161. https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2024-6161</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avdeev S.N., Barbarash O.L., Valieva Z.S., еt аl. 2024 Clinical practice guidelines for Pulmonary hypertension, including chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Russian Journal of Cardiology. 2024;29(11):6161(in Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2024-6161</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maeder M.T., Weber L., Rickli H. Pulmonary hypertension in aortic valve stenosis. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2022;32(2):73-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2020.12.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maeder M.T., Weber L., Rickli H. Pulmonary hypertension in aortic valve stenosis. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2022;32(2):73-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2020.12.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Desai A., Desai D.M., Jamil A., еt аl. Outcomes of Preprocedural Pulmonary Hypertension on All-Cause and Cardiac Mortality in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2023;15(1):e34300. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34300</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Desai A., Desai D.M., Jamil A., еt аl. Outcomes of Preprocedural Pulmonary Hypertension on All-Cause and Cardiac Mortality in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Systematic Review. Cureus. 2023;15(1):e34300. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.34300</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Emami Meybodi M., Bamarinejad A., Bamarinejad F., еt аl. Prognostic Implication of Preprocedural Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cardiol Rev. 2025;33(2):120-128. https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000583</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Emami Meybodi M., Bamarinejad A., Bamarinejad F., еt аl. Prognostic Implication of Preprocedural Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cardiol Rev. 2025;33(2):120-128. https://doi.org/10.1097/CRD.0000000000000583</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Miyamoto J., Ohno Y., Kamioka N., еt аl. Impact of Periprocedural Pulmonary Hypertension on Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;80(17):1601-1613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2022.08.757</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Miyamoto J., Ohno Y., Kamioka N., еt аl. Impact of Periprocedural Pulmonary Hypertension on Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022;80(17):1601-1613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2022.08.757</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmad M., Del Cid Fratti J., Henien M., еt аl. Association Between Pulmonary Hypertension and Its Effect on 30-Day Mortality, Readmission, and Cost After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Multicenter Study. Cureus. 2023;15(6):e40976. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.40976</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmad M., Del Cid Fratti J., Henien M., еt аl. Association Between Pulmonary Hypertension and Its Effect on 30-Day Mortality, Readmission, and Cost After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Multicenter Study. Cureus. 2023;15(6):e40976. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.40976</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hancock E.W., Deal B.J., Mirvis D.M., еt аl. AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part V: electrocardiogram changes associated with cardiac chamber hypertrophy: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53(11):992-1002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hancock E.W., Deal B.J., Mirvis D.M., еt аl. AHA/ACCF/HRS recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram: part V: electrocardiogram changes associated with cardiac chamber hypertrophy: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. Endorsed by the International Society for Computerized Electrocardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;53(11):992-1002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баркан В.С., Дроздов Д.В., Резвецов Г.Д. Электрокардиограмма на вдохе: физиологические механизмы и диагностические возможности пробы. Медицинский алфавит. 2023;(22):36-42. https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-22-36-42</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barkan V.S., Drozdov D.V., Rezvetsov G.G. Deep inspiration electrocardiogram test: physiologic mechanisms and diagnostic capabilities. Medical alphabet. 2023;(22):36-42. (in Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-22-36-42</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hariharan V.P., Srinivasan K., Trakroo M. Effect of Deep Breathing on Cardiac Axis of Young Normal Subjects in Various Postures- A Pilot Study. J Clin of Diagn Res. 2019;13(3):CC01-CC03. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2019/39722/12721</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hariharan V.P., Srinivasan K., Trakroo M. Effect of Deep Breathing on Cardiac Axis of Young Normal Subjects in Various Postures- A Pilot Study. J Clin of Diagn Res. 2019;13(3):CC01-CC03. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2019/39722/12721</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сахнова Т.А., Блинова Е.В., Мартынюк Т.В., и соавт. Связь изменений электрической оси сердца на вдохе со структурно-функциональным состоянием сердца по данным эхокардиографии у больных прекапиллярной легочной гипертензией Системные гипертензии. 2024;21(2):25-32. https://doi.org/10.38109/2075-082X-2024-2-25-32</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sakhnova T.A., Blinova E.V., Martynyuk T.V., еt аl. Relationship between changes in the electrical axis of the heart during inspiration and the structural and functional state of the heart according to echocardiography in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension. Systemic Hypertension. 2024;21(2):25-35. (in Russ.) https://doi.org/10.38109/2075-082X-2024-2-25-32</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maeder M.T., Weber L., Weilenmann D., еt аl. Impact of a volume challenge on haemodynamics and prognosis in patients with severe aortic stenosis. ESC Heart Fail. 2021;8(1):508-517. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.13108</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maeder M.T., Weber L., Weilenmann D., еt аl. Impact of a volume challenge on haemodynamics and prognosis in patients with severe aortic stenosis. ESC Heart Fail. 2021;8(1):508-517. https://doi.org/10.1002/ehf2.13108</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schewel J., Schlüter M., Schmidt T., еt аl. Correlation between Doppler echocardiography and right heart catheterization assessment of systolic pulmonary artery pressure in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Echocardiography. 2020;37(3):380-387. https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.14611</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schewel J., Schlüter M., Schmidt T., еt аl. Correlation between Doppler echocardiography and right heart catheterization assessment of systolic pulmonary artery pressure in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Echocardiography. 2020;37(3):380-387. https://doi.org/10.1111/echo.14611</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
