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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">evrazkar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Евразийский Кардиологический Журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Eurasian heart journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-1685</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-0748</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Евразийская ассоциация кардиологов</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38109/2225-1685-2025-1-50-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">evrazkar-6499</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности патогенеза, диагностики и лечения ишемии миокарда без обструкции коронарных артериях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of myocardial ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2523-8907</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хачирова</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khachirova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хачирова Эльвира Азреталиевна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней №2, Институт клинической медицины</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elvira A. Khachirova, Cand. of Sc. (Med), Associate Professor of the Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases №2</p><p>1 bld. Ostrovityanova st., Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elchik09@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4580-8851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яровой</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iarovoi</surname><given-names>M. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яровой Максим Дмитриевич, студент 5 курса лечебного факультет</p><p>ул. Островитянова, д. 1, Москва 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim D. Iarovoi, 5th year student</p><p>1 bld. Ostrovityanova st., Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jarovojmax@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хачирова Э.А., Яровой М.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хачирова Э.А., Яровой М.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khachirova E.A., Iarovoi M.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/6499">https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/6499</self-uri><abstract><p>Среди наиболее распространённых причин смертности во всём мире веду­щая роль остаётся за ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС). Несмотря на то, что атеросклероз коронарных артерий – это основная причина развития ИБС, всё чаще клиницисты выявляют у пациентов наличие инфаркта миокарда без обструкции коронарного русла. Инфаркт миокарда без обструкции коронар­ных артерий (ИНОКА) характеризуется клиническими признаками инфаркта миокарда (ИМ) с признаками стеноза коронарных артерий при ангиографии менее 50%. В последние годы были достигнуты значительные успехи в по­нимании патофизиологических изменений, которые лежат в основе этого со­стояния, однако предикторы развития этого состояния остаются не до конца ясными. Постановка диагноза ИНОКА по сей день остаётся сложной задачей для клинициста. Определение механизма ИНОКА и исключение других воз­можных причин повышения сердечного тропонина имеет важное значение для разработки мер вторичной профилактики, направленных на улучшение прогноза пациентов после перенесенного острого инфаркта миокарда (ОИМ). Тщательный сбор анамнеза и использование инвазивной и неинвазивной ви­зуализации должны приводить к выявлению возможных вазоспастических или микрососудистых причин ИНОКА и их дифференциации от повреждения миокарда, вызванного другими заболеваниями. По сравнению с пациентами с ОИМ при обструктивной ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС), пациенты с ИНОКА чаще женщины и, как правило, имеют меньше традиционных факто­ров риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ).</p><p>Целью данной статьи был обзор литературы и оценка клинических особенно­стей, этиологии, диагностики, лечения и прогноза при ИНОКА. В настоящем обзоре обобщены текущие знания об ИНОКА в области эпидемиологии, пато­физиологии и лечения, с акцентом на современные диагностические инстру­менты этого заболевания.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Among the most dangerous causes of mortality worldwide, coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause. Despite the fact that atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries is the main cause of the development of coronary artery disease, clinicians are increasingly identifying myocardial ischemia without coronary obstruction. Myocardial ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is characterized by clinical signs of myocardial infarction (MI) with evidence of coronary artery stenosis on angiography of less than 50%. In recent years, significant advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiological changes that underlie this condition, but the predictors of development of this condition remain unclear. And a diagnosis of INOCA remains a difficult task for the clinician to this day. Determining the mechanism of INOCA and excluding other possible causes of elevated cardiac troponin is important for the development of secondary prevention measures aimed at improving the prognosis of patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A history of disease and use of invasive and noninvasive imaging should lead to the identification of possible vasospastic or microvascular causes of INOCA and their differentiation from myocardial injury caused by other diseases. Compared with patients with AMI due to obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), patients with INOCA are more often women and tend to have fewer traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.</p><p>The aim of this article was to review the literature and evaluate the clinical features, ethiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of INOCA. This review summarizes the current knowledge of INOCA in the areas of epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment, with an emphasis on modern diagnostic tools for this disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ИНОКА</kwd><kwd>ИБС</kwd><kwd>необструктивное поражение миокарда</kwd><kwd>микроваскулярное поражение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>INOCA</kwd><kwd>CAD</kwd><kwd>non-obstruсtive coronary disease</kwd><kwd>microvascular disease</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Публикация подготовлена при информационной и финансовой поддержке фармацевтической компании Сервье, что не повлияло на мнение авторов.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Manuscript was prepared with the Servier pharmaceutical company informational and financial support that did not impact on authors' opinion.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации МЗ РФ. 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