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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">evrazkar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Евразийский Кардиологический Журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Eurasian heart journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-1685</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-0748</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Евразийская ассоциация кардиологов</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38109/2225-1685-2024-2-114-121</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">evrazkar-6463</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гендерная кардиология: клинико-патофизиологические особенности течения основных заболеваний у женщин</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gender cardiology: clinical and pathophysiological features of the course the main diseases in women</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4318-4247</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Давыдкин</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Davydkin</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Давыдкин Игорь Леонидович, д.м.н., профессор, проректор по научной работе, заведующий кафедрой госпитальной терапии с курсами поликлинической терапии и трансфузиологии</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor L. Davydkin, Dr. of Sc. (Med.), Professor, Vice-Rector for Research, Head of the Department of Hospital Therapy with courses of outpatient therapy and transfusiology</p><p>st. Chapaevskaya, 89, Samara 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dagi2006@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7019-650X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmin</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Золотовская Ирина Александровна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии с курсами поликлинической терапии и трансфузиологии</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor P. Kuzmin, Cand. of Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy with courses of outpatient therapy and transfusiology</p><p>st. Chapaevskaya, 89, Samara 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.p.kuzmin@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8541-9100</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотовская</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotovskaya</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Золотовская Ирина Александровна, д.м.н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии с курсами поликлинической терапии и трансфузиологии</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Zolotovskaya, Dr. of Sc. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy with courses of outpatient therapy and transfusiology</p><p>st. Chapaevskaya, 89, Samara 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.a.zolotovskaya@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7983-642X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хайретдинов</surname><given-names>Р. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hayretdinov</surname><given-names>R. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хайретдинов Раис Кэтдусович, к.м.н., доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии с курсами поликлинической терапии и трансфузиологии</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rais K. Hayretdinov, Cand. of Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy with courses of outpatient therapy and transfusiology</p><p>st. Chapaevskaya, 89, Samara 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r.k.hajretdinov@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1100-3798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривова</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivova</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кривова Светлана Петровна, к.м.н., доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии с курсами поликлинической терапии и трансфузиологии</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana P. Krivova, Cand. of Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy with courses of outpatient therapy and transfusiology</p><p>st. Chapaevskaya, 89, Samara 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.p.krivova@samsmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-6177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рубаненко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rubanenko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рубаненко Олеся Анатольевна, д.м.н., доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии с курсами поликлинической терапии и трансфузиологии</p><p>ResearcherID: I-8490-2015</p><p>ул. Чапаевская, д. 89, г. Самара 443099</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya A. Rubanenko, Dr. of Sc. (Med.), Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy with courses in outpatient therapy and transfusiology</p><p>ResearcherID: I-8490-2015</p><p>st. Chapaevskaya, 89, Samara 443099</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">banenko@gmail.comneicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «СамГМУ» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>121</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Давыдкин И.Л., Кузьмин В.П., Золотовская И.А., Хайретдинов Р.К., Кривова С.П., Рубаненко О.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Давыдкин И.Л., Кузьмин В.П., Золотовская И.А., Хайретдинов Р.К., Кривова С.П., Рубаненко О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Davydkin I.L., Kuzmin V.P., Zolotovskaya I.A., Hayretdinov R.K., Krivova S.P., Rubanenko O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/6463">https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/6463</self-uri><abstract><p>Ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС) является ведущей причиной смерти как женщин, так и мужчин. Женщины в более старшем возрасте, когда впервые проявляется ИБС, имеют больше сопутствующих заболеваний и, как правило, жалуются на нетипичные симптомы. Смертность и частота госпитализаций при остром инфаркте миокарде выше у женщин. Необходимо отметить, что приверженность к вторичной профилактике у женщин ниже.</p><p>Преобладание женского пола отмечается при идиопатической легочной артериальной гипертензии, наследственной легочной гипертензии и связанной с коллагенозами легочной артериальной гипертензией. Однако последние данные европейского регистра COMPERA показали, что гендерные различия исчезают у пациентов в пожилом возрасте и при наличии сопутствующих заболеваний. Рассматривается более частая встречаемость кардиомиопатий среди женщин. Перипартальная кардиомиопатия, связанная с беременностью и родами, и кардиомиопатия Такоцубо, обусловленная психоэмоциональным напряжением, в частности стрессовой ситуацией, определяет дальнейший прогноз женщины. Нарушения ритма объясняются изменением гормонального статуса на фоне беременности, менопаузы или связаны с дебютом основного заболевания.</p><p>Сердечная недостаточность обычно поражает оба пола в равной степени, при этом женщины чаще страдают СНсФВ, а мужчины СНнФВ. Классические сердечно-сосудистые, гендерные и социальные факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и сердечной недостаточности имеют иное значение у женщин, чем у мужчин. Необходимо учитывать параметры при ЭхоКГ диагностике у женщин, поскольку размеры сердца у женщин меньше.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death for both women and men. Older women, when coronary heart disease first appears, have more comorbidities and usually complain of atypical symptoms. Mortality and hospitalization rates caused by acute myocardial infarction are higher for women. It should be noted that adherence to secondary prevention for women is lower.</p><p>Female predominance has been noted in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), hereditary pulmonary hypertension, and collagenosisassociated pulmonary arterial hypertension. However, according to the latest data of the European register COMPERA, gender differences disappear for elderly patients and for the patients having concomitant diseases. The more frequent occurrence of cardiomyopathies among women is considered. Peripartum cardiomyopathy associated with pregnancy and childbirth, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy due to psychoemotional status, in particular a stressful situation, determines a woman's further prognosis. Arrythmias are explained by changes in hormonal status during pregnancy, menopause, or are associated with the onset of the underlying disease.</p><p>Heart failure usually affects both sexes equally, with women more likely to suffer from HFpEF and men from HFrEF. The classic cardiovascular, gender, and social risk factors for cardiovascular disease and heart failure have a different meaning for women than for men. It is necessary to take into account the parameters for EchoCG diagnostics for women, since the size of the women heart is smaller.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>женский пол</kwd><kwd>нарушения ритма</kwd><kwd>кардиомиопатия</kwd><kwd>легочная гипертензия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>women</kwd><kwd>arrhythmia</kwd><kwd>cardiomyopathy</kwd><kwd>pulmonary hypertension</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wilmot KA, O’Flaherty M, Capewell S. et al. Coronary Heart Disease Mortality Declines in the United States From 1979 Through 2011: Evidence for Stagnation in Young Adults, Especially Women. 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