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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">evrazkar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Евразийский Кардиологический Журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Eurasian heart journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-1685</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-0748</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Евразийская ассоциация кардиологов</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38109/2225-1685-2024-2-102-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">evrazkar-6461</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эхокардиографическая оценка перикардиального выпота и тампонады сердца</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Contemporary echocardiographic assessment of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9700-4718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суботников</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Subotnikov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суботников Максим Вячеславович, врач-кардиолог, отделение функциональной диагностики</p><p>Каширское ш., д. 24, г. Москва 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim V. Subotnikov, Cardiologist, Department of Functional Diagnostics</p><p>Kashirskoye sh., 24, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr_subotnikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1723-0780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыренов</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsyrenov</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыренов Дамба Дамдинович, к.м.н., врач-кардиолог, заведующий отделением функциональной диагностики</p><p>Каширское ш., д. 24, г. Москва 115522</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Damba D. Tsyrenov, Cand. of Sc. (Med.), Cardiologist, Head of the Department of Functional Diagnostics</p><p>Kashirskoye sh., 24, Moscow 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.tsyrenov@ronc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>102</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Суботников М.В., Цыренов Д.Д., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суботников М.В., Цыренов Д.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Subotnikov M.V., Tsyrenov D.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/6461">https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/6461</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель обзора</title><p>Цель обзора: перикардиальный выпот представляют собой особую сложность в плане эхокардиографической диагностики и потенциально может привести к жизнеугрожающему состоянию – тампонаде сердца. В данной статье рассматриваются возможности и прогностическая ценность методов трансторакальной эхокардиографии в вопросах диагностики перикардиального выпота и тампонады сердца.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ российской и зарубежной литературы в базах eLibrary, PubMed. Были использованы ключевые слова: «pericardial effusion», «cardiac tamponade», «constrictive pericarditis», «pericarditis», «pericarditis in echocardiography», «перикардиальный выпот», «перикардит», «тампонада сердца», «диагностика перикардита». Включенные научные работы и статьи были опубликованы с 2013 по 2023 год. Метод исследования, использованный в процессе анализа, – описательно-аналитический.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Перикардиальный выпот представляет собой скопление жидкости в перикардиальной полости, что в ряде случаев приводит к тампонаде сердца, которая, нарушая нормальную гемодинамику и наполнение камер сердца, в конечном итоге может вызвать системную гипотензию и остановку сердца. Таким образом, это опасное для жизни состояние, которое требует незамедлительной верификации, осуществимой в первую очередь методом эхокардиографии с последующим определением тактики лечения. Структурированный подход, включающий 2D-режим, М-режим и доплеровскую эхокардиографическую оценку, оценивающий количество и качество перикардиальной жидкости, коллабирование камер сердца, вариабельность диастолического размера желудочков в зависимости от дыхательного цикла, парадоксальное движение межжелудочковой перегородки, спадение нижней полой вены на вдохе, респираторную вариацию потоков через клапаны, кровоток в печеночных и легочных венах, должны дать лечащему врачу необходимую информацию для выбора метода лечения. Из всех вышеперечисленных признаков, вероятно, наиболее высокой отрицательной прогностической ценностью для исключения тампонады сердца является отсутствие коллапса камер сердца. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>The aim</title><p>The aim: the aim of this review is to address the challenges in echocardiographic diagnosis of pericardial effusion, which can potentially lead to a lifethreatening condition called cardiac tamponade. This article discusses the possibilities and prognostic value of transthoracic echocardiography in the diagnosis of pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. An analysis of Russian and foreign literature was conducted using eLibrary and PubMed databases. The following keywords were used: «pericardial effusion», «cardiac tamponade», «constrictive pericarditis», «pericarditis», «pericarditis in echocardiography», «перикардиальный выпот», «перикардит», «тампонада сердца», «диагностика перикардита». The included scientific papers and articles were published from 2013 to 2023. The research method used in the analysis was descriptive-analytical.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Pericardial effusion is the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity, which can lead to cardiac tamponade, disrupting normal hemodynamics and cardiac chamber filling, ultimately resulting in systemic hypotension and cardiac arrest. Therefore, it is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate verification, primarily through echocardiography, followed by the determination of treatment strategy. A structured approach, including 2D mode, M-mode, and Doppler echocardiographic assessment, evaluating the quantity and quality of pericardial fluid, cardiac chamber collapse, diastolic ventricular size variability with the respiratory cycle, paradoxical interventricular septum motion, inferior vena cava collapse, respiratory flow variation through valves, and blood flow in hepatic and pulmonary veins, should provide the treating physician with the necessary information for choosing the treatment method. This article discusses key echocardiographic features that will ensure the appropriate assessment of patients with pericardial effusion and/or cardiac tamponade. Among all the mentioned features, the absence of cardiac chamber collapse is likely to have the highest negative prognostic value for excluding cardiac tamponade.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эхокардиография</kwd><kwd>перикардиальный выпот</kwd><kwd>тампонада</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Echocardiography</kwd><kwd>pericardial effusion</kwd><kwd>tamponade</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rehman I, Nassereddin A, Rehman A. Anatomy, Thorax, Pericardium. 2023 Jul 24. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. PMID: 29489245.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rehman I, Nassereddin A, Rehman A. Anatomy, Thorax, Pericardium. 2023 Jul 24. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan–. 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