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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">evrazkar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Евразийский Кардиологический Журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Eurasian heart journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2225-1685</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-0748</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Евразийская ассоциация кардиологов</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38109/2225-1685-2016-2-68-78</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">evrazkar-5677</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОСОБОЕ МНЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SPECIAL OPINION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>АТЕРОМАТОЗ ИНТИМЫ АРТЕРИЙ - РЕАЛИЗАЦИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ФУНКЦИИ ЭНДОЭКОЛОГИИ, БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ РЕАКЦИИ ВОСПАЛЕНИЯ, УТИЛИЗАЦИЯ БЕЗЛИГАНДНЫХ ПАЛЬМИТИНОВЫХ ЛИПОПРОТЕИНОВ ОЧЕНЬ НИЗКОЙ → НИЗКОЙ ПЛОТНОСТИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ATHEROMATOSIS OF ARTERIAL INTIMA AS A RESULT OF THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION OF ENDOECOLOGY, BIOLOGICAL REACTION OF INFLAMMATION AND UTILIZATION OF NON-LIGAND PALMITIC VERY LOW DENSITY-LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">vn_titov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шойбонов</surname><given-names>Б. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shoybonov</surname><given-names>B. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">shoibonov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Российский кардиологический научно-производственный комплекс» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Cardiology Research-and-Production Center, Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт нормальной физиологии им. П.К. Анохина»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Normal Physiology P.K. Anokhin, Moscow, Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Титов В.Н., Шойбонов Б.Б., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Титов В.Н., Шойбонов Б.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Titov V.N., Shoybonov B.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/5677">https://www.heartj.asia/jour/article/view/5677</self-uri><abstract><p>В филогенетически поздней интиме артерий эластического типа нет протеинов для переноса сорбированных на матриксе безлигандных, окисленных липопротеинов низкой плотности (ЛПНП) к оседлым макрофагам. Ранние в филогенезе клетки реализуют реакцию внеклеточного пищеварения: они выделяют в матрикс интимы протеолитические ферменты - метал-лопротеиназы. Вне клеток они гидролизуют протеогликаны матрикса, сорбированные, безлигандные ЛПНП, всасывают детрит; заканчивая в лизосомах гидролиз наиболее гидрофобных полиеновых эфиров холестерина (поли-ЭХС). Глад-комышечные клетки мигрируют из среднего, мышечного слоя стенки артерий, изменяют свой фенотип (сократительный-секреторный) и синтезируют in situ de novo протеогликаны матрикса. Только в артериях эластического типа стенка артерий представлена тремя слоями: а) монослой эндотелия; б) интима + медия (гладкомышечные клетки) и в) адвентиция. Рационально установить функциональные различия между филогенетически ранними оседлыми макрофагами и поздними моноцитами→макрофагами. Касается ли оно особенностей скевенджер-рецепторов, активности CD36 транслоказ, экспрессии синтеза кислых гидролаз для поли-ЭХС или реализации биологической реакции внеклеточного пищеварения. Полагаем, что формирование атероматозных масс происходит в матриксе интимы артерий, а не в лизосомах при ограниченных способностях моноцитов-макрофагов осуществлять эндоцитоз безлигандных ЛПНП из матрикса. И если атероматоз это синдром дефицит в клетках эссенциальных полиеновых жирных кислот (ПНЖК), то атероматоз интимы это избыточного количества ПНЖК в матриксе артерий эластического типа. На поздних ступенях филогенеза интима сформирована из гладкомышечных кле­ток медии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Phylogenetically late intima of elastic arteries has no proteins for transportation of non-ligand oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDL) adsorbed on the matrix to resident macrophages. Phylogenetically early cells realize the reaction of extracellular digestion by secreting the proteolytic enzymes metalloproteases in the matrix. They hydrolyze matrix proteoglycans, adsorbed and non-ligand LDL, absorb detritis, and terminate hydrolysis of the most hydrophobic polyenic cholesterol esters (poly-CE) in lysosomes. Smooth muscle cells migrate from arterial media, change their phenotype from contractile to synthetic and produce in situ de novo matrix proteoglycans. Elastic arterial wall consists of three layers: a) endothelial monolayer, b) intima + media (smooth muscle cells) and b) adventitia. It seems reasonable to define functional differences between phylogenetically early resident macrophages and phylogenetically late monocytes-macrophages. They may be associated with scavenger receptors, CD36 translocase activity, production of acid hydrolases for poly-CE or realization of the biological reaction of extracellular digestion. We suppose that atheromatous masses are formed in the matrix of arterial intima but not in lysosomes when the ability of monocytes-macrophages to provide endocytosis of non-ligand LDL from the matrix is limited. If atheromatosis is a syndrome caused by intracellular deficiency of essential polyenic fatty acids (PFA), intimal atheromatosis is associated with partial utilization of excess PFA in the matrix of elastic arteria. At late stages of phylogenesis the intima formed from smooth muscle cells of the media.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>atheromatosis</kwd><kwd>intima</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>атероматоз</kwd><kwd>интима</kwd><kwd>макрофаги</kwd><kwd>моноциты</kwd><kwd>macrophages</kwd><kwd>monocytes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лисицын Д.М., Разумовский С.Д., Тишенин М.А., Титов В.Н. 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